Impact of Chloroquine as treatment of pandemic COVID-19 on environment

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has spread rapidly as a pandemic public health concern. Until now, scientists have searched to discover drugs for its efficacious treatment to prevent or treat the disease of the pandemic COVID-19. Due to the rapid emergence of the pandemic in all geographic, unavailable of vaccine, clinical presentation and specific diagnostic tests imaginable challenges are proposed to combat this epidemic. Hydroxychloroquine and similar medication called Chloroquine, are shown to have apparent efficacy and acceptable safety against coronas virus wich were recommended as a treatment protocol of COVID-19 pandemic until a vaccine for COVID-19 is available but since Hydroxychloroqione HCQ and its metabolites reach wastewater treatment plant and environment where its occurence is a source of pollution and are identified as potentially persistent and bioaccumulative, behavior in the environment. Both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine posed serious chronic threat to the aquatic organism. This is highly relevant since it is known that wastewater treatment systems do not have adequate processes for treatment these drugs, which will enter into freshwater ecosystems.